My semi-educated guess: Some kind of problem with the mechanical shutter, either not closing completely or maybe not moving at expected speed. Live view doesn't use it, and with long exposures, the amount of additional light collected during readout when the shutter is supposed to be closed will be relatively insignificant. I guess in this case short exposure with flash (in an otherwise dark scene) should also probably come out fairly normal.
That is what i thought of first.
The big question for me is, does the s110 have a 'guillotine' shutter that drops down, like f.i. the M series?
correction, i would think it's actuated with a rotating arm to close the shutter looking at how it's overexposed...not just halfway, but the overexposed area runs a bit down to the right bottom corner.
in that case my spare in it's upside down position will probably die too because of fighting gravity when it closes the shutter, rotating/sliding upwards instead of down.
redesigning the rig could solve that if this is the issue.
My other thought was you could get an effect like that with the ND stuck half way, but that would obviously affect live view and not vary with shutter speed. Any sort of sensor electrical problem would also seem likely to affect long exposures and/or shutterless operation.
Although ND is always off in my setup i tried toggling that and you hear the click and see the live view blink, but found no difference.
Software issues seem extremely unlikely, but you may as well run the firmware CRC check in Miscellaneous -> Tools -> Checksum ROM
i would think that is highly unlikely too, my thought was maybe corroded contact, but with poor electrics i would expect the images to be darker.
nonetheless should that give any feedback if all is ok? because i ran crc check but after the rom crc file/time indicator ran out nothing appeared on screen or sd card.
Hard to imagine any fix that doesn't involve disassembly or replacement, but I guess you wouldn't lose much attempting percussive maintenance, perhaps in combination with the hammer the shutter script.
will try this later...and percussive maintenance....i never thought banging your equipment had a name other than 'abuse'
did fix one of my s95 stuck shutter in the past, i haven't had luck with this cam yet.
If you have other cameras that died in a different way, could try a transplant. Or perhaps find an otherwise dead one on ebay or whatever.
i haven't kept my dead cams since i never considered repairing them.
aside from making a new rig, moving to the g7x would be too much an increase in data and processing time to do that with my current setup and equipment.
so i think it's getting to the point where this long running project will end with the next cam failure....especially if the failure has to do with the cam being upside down.