Hi Tomasz
since no one else has reported problems with that camera and the USB cable seems to be working, the most likely cause of the problem is a bad setting in the CHDK CFG file (which is in the CHDK directory of the card).
I suggest you try the following:
1. put the card in the card reader and rename the CFG file, so that when CHDK starts it will create a new one
2. lock the card and put it in the camera
3. switch on the camera but don't go into ALT mode
4. check that the camera will take a picture normally by pressing the shutter
5. connect the camera to your computer via USB and then disconnect
Step 5 should result in the camera taking a picture. CHDK, when not in Alt mode, should respond to a power pulse on the USB port by taking a picture. If your camera does not then there is definitely something wrong with the CHDK build. If it does, then there was some bad setting in the old CFG file.
If the camera DOES take a picture at step 5, then try going into ALT mode and running one of the scripts. They also should now work.